Pamapepala onse opanga mapepala a "pulping - papermaking - kumaliza", woyenga ndi chida chofunika kwambiri chomwe chimatsimikizira ntchito ya fiber ndi khalidwe la pepala. Kupyolera mu zochita zakuthupi, zamankhwala, kapena zophatikizika zamakina ndi mankhwala, zimadula, ma fibrillates, 帚化 (fibrillation), ndikuyenga ulusi wa zamkati, kupangitsa ulusi wotayirira kuti apange mphamvu yomangirira yolimba, ndipo pamapeto pake pepala lokhala ndi ntchito yayikulu monga mphamvu, kufanana, ndi kunyowa kwa inki. Kuchokera ku mphero zamwala zachikhalidwe kupita ku zipangizo zamakono zamakono, luso lamakono la oyeretsa nthawi zonse limayang'ana pa mfundo zitatu zazikulu za "kupambana, kulondola, ndi kusunga mphamvu", kukhala chithandizo chofunikira pakukweza makampani opanga mapepala.

I. Ntchito Zazikulu ndi Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito ya Oyeretsa

Cholinga chachikulu cha woyenga ndi "kukhathamiritsa fiber morphology", ndipo mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito ikhoza kufotokozedwa mwachidule monga "kusintha kwa ulusi pansi pa makina":

• Mfundo Yoyambira: Zamkati zikadutsa pakati pa ma diski oyenga (kapena mipukutu), zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mphamvu zamakina monga kumeta, kutulutsa, ndi kukanda. Makoma a cell a ulusi amang'ambika kuti apange ma microfibrils, ndipo pamwamba pake amapanga mawonekedwe owundana. Nthawi yomweyo, ulusi wautali kwambiri umadulidwa moyenerera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti utali wa fiber ugawidwe kuti ugwirizane ndi zofunika kupanga mapepala.
• Core Functions: Choyamba, sinthani mphamvu yolumikizira ulusi kuti pepala likhale ndi mphamvu zokwanira zolimba, kung'ambika, ndi mphamvu yophulika; chachiwiri, onjezerani kufanana kwa fiber interweaving kuti pepala likhale lofanana ndi kukhala lathyathyathya; chachitatu, zigwirizane ndi zosowa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapepala, monga mapepala a chikhalidwe omwe amafunikira ulusi wabwino kuti asindikizidwe, ndi mapepala olongedza omwe amafunikira ulusi wandiweyani ndi wautali kuti ukhale wolimba.

II. Mitundu Yaikulu ndi Makhalidwe Aukadaulo a Oyeretsa

Malinga ndi mapangidwe apangidwe, njira yogwirira ntchito, ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito, oyenga wamba pamakampani opanga mapepala amagawidwa m'magulu anayi otsatirawa, chilichonse chili ndi luso lake komanso kuchuluka kwa ntchito:

1. Woyenga ma disc

• Makhalidwe Apangidwe: Wopangidwa ndi diski yokhazikika (dimba yokhazikika) ndi diski yozungulira (yozungulira). The chimbale pamwamba anagawira ndi akupera madera osiyanasiyana mano akalumikidzidwa (monga serrated, trapezoidal, spiral), ndi kuyenga mwamphamvu amalamulidwa ndi kusintha chimbale kusiyana.
• Ubwino Waukadaulo: High kuyenga bwino, yunifolomu CHIKWANGWANI kusinthidwa. Itha kusinthika kumitundu yosiyanasiyana (zamkati mwamatabwa, zamkati zaudzu, zamkati zamapepala) posintha mawonekedwe a mano a disc, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale zida zoyenga zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri zomwe zimaphimba mapepala azikhalidwe, mapepala oyikamo, mapepala akuchimbudzi, ndi mitundu ina yamapepala.
• Magulu ang'onoang'ono: Woyeretsa wa disc imodzi (akuchita mbali imodzi ya diski), woyenga ma disk awiri (akuchita mbali zonse za diski nthawi imodzi), woyenga katatu (pakati pa stationary disc + ma diski awiri ozungulira, apamwamba kwambiri).

2. Conical Refiner

• Makhalidwe Apangidwe: Imatengera kuphatikiza kwa conical stator ndi rotor. Zamkati zimapita patsogolo mozungulira mpata wozungulira, womwe umameta ndikumeta mosalekeza. Kuchuluka kwa kuyenga kumatha kuwongoleredwa bwino ndikusintha kusiyana kwa conical.
• Ubwino Waukadaulo: Kudula kwa ulusi wochepa, zotsatira zabwino za fibrillation, zoyenera pamitundu yamapepala yomwe imafunikira kusungidwa kwautali wautali (monga pepala la kraft, linerboard). Ilinso ndi kukhazikika kogwira ntchito komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyenganso zamkati zapapepala kapena kukonza zamkati zapamwamba kwambiri.

3. Cylindrical Refiner

• Makhalidwe Apangidwe: Wopangidwa ndi cylindrical grinding roll ndi mbale yopera yooneka ngati arc. Pogaya mpukutuwo amakhala ndi mano opyoka kapena ozungulira. Kuzungulira kwa mpukutuwo kumayendetsa kutuluka kwa zamkati ndikumaliza ntchito yoyenga.
• Ubwino Waukadaulo: Kulekerera kwambiri zonyansa (monga njere za mchenga, zidutswa za pulasitiki) mu zamkati, osati zosavuta kutseka. Oyenera kugaya movutikira pazinyalala zamkati kapena kupangira zida zopangira ulusi monga zamkati zaudzu, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuyenga kutsogolo kwa mizere yopangira.

4. High-Consistency Woyenga

• Makhalidwe Apangidwe: Oyenera pazigawo zokhazikika zamkati (15% -40%). Imagwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera chodyetsera (monga chophikira chophikira) kuonetsetsa kuti zamkati zofananira zilowa m'malo opera. Maonekedwe a dzino la chimbale nthawi zambiri amakhala otakataka komanso otalikirana kwambiri kuti apititse patsogolo kukwapula kwa ulusi.
• Ubwino Waukadaulo: Digiri yapamwamba ya fiber fibrillation, mphamvu yomangirira yolimba, yomwe imatha kusintha kwambiri mphamvu zamapepala. M'malo osasinthasintha kwambiri, kudula kwa fiber kumakhala kochepa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kumakhala kochepa. Ndiwoyenera kuyengedwa bwino kwa mitundu ya mapepala apamwamba kwambiri (monga mapepala okutidwa, mapepala apadera) kapena kukonza zamkati zomwe zimafuna kugwirizanitsa kwamphamvu kwambiri.

III. Zofunika Zaumisiri ndi Mfundo Zosankha za Oyeretsa

1. Core Technical Parameters

• Kuwongolera Kusinthasintha: Amagawidwa kukhala otsika kwambiri (≤8%), osakanikirana (8% -15%), ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu (≥15%). Kusasinthika kumakhudza mwachindunji kuyenga bwino komanso mawonekedwe a fiber, monga kuwongolera kwapamwamba kumayang'ana pa fibrillation ndi kutsika kosasunthika kumayang'ana kwambiri kudula.
• Chigawo cha Diski: Gawo lofunikira lomwe limazindikira kulimba kwa kuyenga. Pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kusiyana, ndipamwamba kwambiri kuyeretsa. Iyenera kusinthidwa mwamphamvu molingana ndi zofunikira zamtundu wa pepala ndi mawonekedwe a zamkati (nthawi zambiri zimayendetsedwa pa 0.1-1.0mm).
• Maonekedwe a Dzino la Chimbale ndi Kukula kwa Dzino: Maonekedwe a mano amakhudza momwe ulusi umatsindikidwira (mawonekedwe a dzino lamtundu wa shear ndi oyenera kudula, mawonekedwe a dzino lokanda ndi oyenera fibrillation). Kukula kwa dzino kumatsimikizira malo omwe akupera, omwe amayenera kufanana ndi zamkati ndi cholinga choyenga.
• Mphamvu zamagalimoto ndi liwiro lozungulira: Mphamvu imatsimikizira mphamvu yoyenga (nthawi zambiri 55-1000kW), ndipo liwiro lozungulira limakhudza liwiro lachimbale (nthawi zambiri 1500-3000r / min). Kuthamanga kwa mzere wokwera kumatanthauza mphamvu yometa, yoyenera kufunikira koyenga kwambiri.
• Mphamvu: Zosankhidwa molingana ndi kukula kwa mzere wopanga. Mphamvu ya chipangizo chimodzi nthawi zambiri imakhala 5-100t / d, ndipo mizere yayikulu yopanga imatha kutengera mayunitsi angapo kapena masinthidwe ofanana.

2. Mfundo Zazikulu Zosankha

• Sinthani Zofunikira za Mtundu wa Mapepala: Kwa mapepala olongedza amphamvu kwambiri, choyambirira chimaperekedwa kwa oyenga kwambiri kapena oyenga ma conical; kwa mapepala abwino a chikhalidwe, oyeretsa ma disk awiri kapena oyeretsa katatu angasankhidwe; pokonza zinyalala zamkati za pepala, zoyenga za cylindrical kapena zoyenga zolimbana ndi zonyansa ndizokonda.
• Fananizani Makhalidwe a Pulp: Zamkati zamatabwa zimakhala ndi ulusi wautali, kotero kuyang'ana kwambiri pa fibrillation, ndi zoyenga zapamwamba kapena zoyenga zowonongeka ndizosankha; zamkati za udzu zimakhala ndi ulusi waufupi, kotero kuti kuchuluka kwa kudula kumafunika kuyendetsedwa, ndipo zoyenga zochepetsera zosasinthasintha ndizosankha; Zinyalala zapapepala zimakhala ndi zonyansa zambiri, kotero zida zosagwira kutsekeka ziyenera kusankhidwa.
• Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mwanzeru ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu: Kuphatikizidwa ndi zofunikira za mzere wopanga, sankhani zida zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zochepa komanso kuyeretsa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mizere yopangira zazikulu imatha kugwiritsa ntchito zoyenga zamitundu itatu, ndipo mizere yaying'ono ndi yaying'ono yopanga imatha kugwiritsa ntchito zoyenga za disc imodzi kapena zoyenga zapawiri.
• Ganizirani za Kutha Kwanzeru: Oyenga amakono amakhala ndi zida zowongolera za PLC, zomwe zimatha kuzindikira kuwunika kwenikweni kwa njira yoyenga (monga kutalika kwa fiber, kusasinthika kwa zamkati, mawonekedwe a disc kuvala) ndi kuwongolera kotsekeka. Posankha, m'pofunika kuphatikizira mulingo waluntha wa mzere wopanga ndikuyika patsogolo zida zomwe zitha kulumikizidwa ndi intaneti komanso zosavuta kuzisamalira.

IV. Teknoloji Yopititsa patsogolo Zosintha za Oyeretsa

Ndikusintha kwamakampani opanga mapepala kupita ku "carbon low-carbon, luntha lochita bwino kwambiri, komanso luso lapamwamba", ukadaulo woyenga umapereka njira zitatu zazikuluzikulu zachitukuko:

• Kukweza Mwanzeru: Phatikizani masensa, intaneti ya Zinthu, ndi ukadaulo wa AI kuti muzindikire kuwunika kwenikweni kwa njira yoyenga ndikuwongolera kotseka, kuwongolera kulondola komanso kukhazikika.
• Kupititsa patsogolo Kupulumutsa Mphamvu: Konzani kamangidwe ka dimba (monga mawonekedwe a dzino la bionic), tengerani ma motors apamwamba kwambiri komanso ukadaulo wowongolera kuthamanga kwafupipafupi kuti muchepetse kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi. Oyeretsa ena amtundu watsopano amachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi 15% -30% poyerekeza ndi zida zachikhalidwe.
• Multifunctional Integration: Pangani zida zophatikizika "zoyenga - zowunikira - zoyeretsa" kuti muchepetse njira zopangira ndi zida zapansi; chandamale zosoweka zamapepala, khazikitsani zoyenga zapadera (monga zoyenga zopangira ma ultra-fine fiber, zoyenga zapadera za bio-mechanical pulp) kuti muwonjezere zochitika zogwiritsa ntchito.

Monga "core shaper" popanga mapepala, luso la oyenga limakhudzana mwachindunji ndi mtundu wa mapepala, kupanga bwino, komanso phindu la chilengedwe. Pankhani yamakampani opanga mapepala omwe akutsata chitukuko chapamwamba, kusankha mitundu yoyenera yoyenga, kukhathamiritsa magawo ofunikira aukadaulo, ndikuyenda ndi chitukuko chanzeru komanso kusungitsa mphamvu kudzakhala chitsimikizo chofunikira kwa mabizinesi kuti apititse patsogolo mpikisano wawo.