Gulu ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Paper Machine Felts

Zovala zamakina a mapepala ndizofunikira kwambiri pakupanga mapepala, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji mtundu wa pepala, kupanga bwino, komanso ndalama zogwirira ntchito. Kutengera ndi njira zosiyanasiyana - monga momwe alili pamakina a pepala, njira yoluka, kapangidwe ka nsalu zoyambira, kalasi yoyenera ya mapepala, ndi ntchito yeniyeni - makina amapepala amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu ingapo, iliyonse ili ndi katundu ndi zolinga zake.

1. Gulu ndi Udindo pa Paper Machine

Uwu ndiye gulu lofunikira kwambiri, makamaka kutengera malo omwe amamveka mkati mwa njira yopanga mapepala:

• Kumverera Konyowa: Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pagawo la atolankhani, imalumikizana mwachindunji ndi tsamba lomwe langopangidwa kumene. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikufinya madzi kuchokera pa intaneti kudzera pakukakamiza ndikuyamba kusalala pamapepala.
• Top Felt: Yoyikidwa pamwamba pa zonyowa zomveka, ndi madera ena okhudzana ndi masilinda owumitsira. Kuphatikiza pa kuthandiza kuchotsa madzi, imayang'anira ukonde wa mapepala, kuwaphwasula, ndi kufulumizitsa kuumitsa.
• Dryer Felt: Makamaka atakulungidwa pa masilindala owumitsira, amasita ndikuwumitsa pepalalo pambuyo pa kukanikiza, kukhala gawo lofunikira pakuwumitsa.

2. Gulu ndi Njira Yoluka

Njira yoluka imatsimikizira kapangidwe kake komanso mawonekedwe ake:

• Woven Felt: Amapangidwa kuchokera ku ulusi wosakanikirana wa ubweya ndi nayiloni, zomwe zimatsatiridwa ndi miyambo yakale monga kuluka, kudzaza, kugona, kuyanika, ndi kuyika. Imakhala ndi dongosolo lokhazikika komanso moyo wautali wautumiki.
• Kumverera Kokhomeredwa Nangano: Nsalu yosawomba yopangidwa ndi ulusi wa makhadi mu ukonde, kupiringizana zigawo zingapo, kenaka kugwiritsa ntchito singano zachitsulo zamingaminga kuboola ukonde wa ulusi munsalu yopanda malire, kutsekereza ulusi. Zovala zokhomeredwa ndi singano zimapereka mpweya wabwino kwambiri komanso kusungunuka, zomwe zimawapangitsa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina amakono a mapepala.

3. Gulu ndi Base Fabric Structure

Nsalu yoyambira imathandizira kapangidwe kake kamvekedwe, ndipo kapangidwe kake kamakhudza kukhazikika kwake komanso kulimba kwake:

• Nsalu Zosanjikiza Zimodzi Zokha: Zosavuta pamapangidwe komanso zotsika mtengo, zoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zili ndi zofunikira zochepa zamapepala.
• Zovala Zosanjikiza Ziwiri Zoyambira Pawiri: Wopangidwa ndi zigawo ziwiri zoyambira pamwamba ndi pansi, zimakhala ndi mphamvu zapamwamba komanso zokhazikika, zomwe zimawathandiza kuti athe kupirira kupsinjika kwakukulu ndi kupsinjika.
• Laminated Base Fabric Felt: Agawika m'mapangidwe ngati 1+1, 1+2, 2+1, ndi 1+1+1 kutengera kuchuluka ndi mtundu wa nsalu zam'munsi za laminated. Mtundu uwu umagwirizanitsa ubwino wa zigawo zosiyana kuti zigwirizane ndi zovuta komanso zogwira ntchito zapamwamba zopangira mapepala apamwamba.

4. Gulu ndi Applicable Paper Grade

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamapepala imayika zofunikira pazowoneka bwino:

• Packaging Paper Felt: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zoyikamo monga mapepala a malata ndi boardboard. Zimafunika kukana kuvala kwambiri komanso kunyamula katundu.
• Cultural Paper Anamva: Yoyenera kusindikizidwa pamapepala, mapepala olembera, ndi mapepala osindikizira, omwe amafuna kusalala kwambiri komanso kufanana. Chifukwa chake, zomverera ziyenera kukhala ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri padziko lapansi komanso kutsitsa madzi.
• Specialty Paper Felt: Zapangidwira njira zapadera zopangira mapepala apadera (mwachitsanzo, pepala losefera, mapepala otsekera, mapepala okongoletsera). Nthawi zambiri zimafunikira zinthu zapadera monga kukana kutentha kwambiri, kukana dzimbiri, kapena kutha kwa mpweya.
• Tissue Paper Yamveka: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mapepala akuchimbudzi, zopukutira, ndi zina zotero. Ziyenera kukhala zofewa kuti zitsimikizire kuchuluka kwa pepala ndi kuyamwa.

5. Gulu ndi Ntchito Yapadera

M'magawo apadera a makina a pepala, zomverera zimagawidwanso ndi maudindo awo:

• Press Section Felts: Zitsanzo ndi monga “makina osindikizira oyamba osindikizira,” “wosindikiza koyamba pansi anamva,” ndi “vacuum press feel,” mogwirizana ndi mipukutu yosiyanasiyana yosindikizira ndi malo osinthira atolankhani.
• Kupanga Zomverera za Gawo: Monga "kupanga zomverera" ndi "transfer feeling," zomwe zimakhala ndi udindo wothandizira ndi kutumiza tsamba lawebusayiti.
• Prepress Felts: Zitsanzo ndi monga “prepress top feel” ndi “vacuum prepress top feels,” zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa madzi ndikusintha ukonde wa pepala usanalowe mu makina osindikizira.

Mwachidule, makina opangira mapepala amabwera m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, iliyonse yopangidwira zolinga ndi ntchito zina. Kumvetsetsa maguluwa kumathandiza opanga mapepala kuti asankhe momwe angamveke bwino potengera zomwe akufuna, potero kumapangitsa kuti pepala likhale labwino komanso labwino.